tersexuality".

Says Dr. Willhart Schlegel in his recent book, Koerper und Seele, (Body and Soul): "In homosexuality ....we are dealing with a deeply inner-rooted variant of sexuality, mostly based on the inherited constitution..." (page 124).

Chwalla differentiates between an inborn, genetic homosexuality and an acquired type which may be endogen-hormonal or environmental. Kretschmer declares homosexuality to be endocrine as well as anchored in the central nervous system, but, he says, it can also be "situationborn" with no sharp demarcation be tween those etiological factors.

Many more examples could be cited of at least partly biological orientation of present-day European writers. There are naturally also those of firm belief in exclusive psychological interpretations. Dr. Stourzh-Anderle, in her book, "Sexual Constitution", cites many examples of both concepts. I admire Dr. Ellis for his keen, progressive and courageous stand in sexological problems. I personally value his friendship highly. He describes me in his article as a "thorough-going heterosexual". His diag nosis is correct. Therefore, I have no "personal alliances'. I am merely trying to understand homosexual behavior with as much scientific objectivity as I am able to muster. With such objectivity, I have also tried to understand a case of transsexualism like Christine Jorgensen's and others like her. Dr. Ellis says that I consider Christine "fully adjusted", and severely doubts such a fortunate state in her as well as in 10

fixed homophiles. He sees them all, with very few exceptions, as "neurotics and sick people."

But there are many "neurotics and sick people" who in spite of ithave made a reasonably successful adjustment to life. It all seems to me chiefly a matter of definition. What does "fully adjusted" mean? Who is "adjusted" and who is not? Opinions are bound to vary. Miss Jorgensen, for instance, in spite of her much-publicized sex status, seems to get along pretty well in life. She does not seem to fit Dr. Ellis' criterion of illogicalness, irrationality, childishness, fixation, etc., etc. She gets along with people, makes a living, is ambitious and energetic, and appears reasonably contented. The same applies to about a dozen transsexualists whom I know personally, although most of them do have neurotic tendencies and are at times disturbed, just as many "normal", heterosexual people are. Likewise, many homosexuals and transvestites whom I have observed for

years lead reasonably successful lives, emotionally and otherwise. I think they can be called "adjusted”, just as innumerable heterosexual people are definitely maladjusted.

But, psychologists may not see those. They see only the disturbed ones who seek help.

In the United States, the strictly psychological and psychoanalytic orientation regarding sexual deviations is still dominating and domineering. In Europe, although closer to the cradle of psychoanalysis, the biological concepts are gaining mattachine REVIEW

ground. The pendulum is swinging back. An exclusive psychoanalytic preference naturally persists in some quarters. The new emphasis on organic, constitutional predispositions to explain sex deviations

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Frank Look

must, however, in no way detract from the invaluable contributions that modem psychology and psychoanalysis have made to the understanding of life and love.

Urged at the Homosexual

By Dorothy Coleman, Staff Writer, Los Angeles Mirror-News

The problem of the homosexual is "as emotionally laden as any problem that confronts society today," Dr. Evelyn Hooker, UCLA research associate in psychology, told the annual luncheon of the Health Education and Venereal Disease Coun. cil.

And one of the biggest dif; ficulties is not his attitudebut ours-Dr. Hooker told the capacity gathering of doctors, nurses, school counselors and teachers.

"This problem is very difficult to handle openly and frankly," Dr.. Hooker said. "One is dealing with a tabooed, heavily penalized form of sexual activity."

Rational Approach Asking for a “rational, intelligent, informative approach to this problem," the UCLA psychologist urged that society not shut it out, but try to look at it as it exişts.

"We are not at ease in dis-

cussing this problem with adolescents," Dr. Hooker declared. "It goes underground at a time when they still have a chance to choose."

Dr. Hooker, who is completing a special study on male homosexuals supported by the U.S. Department of Health, found that few of. those she has interviewed had interested, sympathetic adults to whom they could bring their problem when it first began to appear.

Mother Dominated Her research discounts heredity and hormone imbalance as causes of homosexuality.

"I would confirm from my data that for the male homosexual there are relatively few instances in which there has been an effective strong father with whom the child could identify," she said. "In most instances the mother has been able to dominate the child and to dominate the father as well."